Matumizi ya Blabu kama mtindo wa kuakisi maudhui: Mfano wa riwaya ya Utengano na Chozi La Heri

Abstract

Swahili

Upekee katika uundaji wa kazi ya fasihi huitwa mtindo na hutofautiana kutoka mwandishi mmoja hadi mwingine. Mtunzi huchagua mtindo wa kueleza kazi yake unaodhihirika  ndani ya kazi hiyo na pia kupitia jalada la mbele na nyuma. Kimsingi, jalada la mbele huwa na ishara mbalimbali huku la nyuma likiwa na blabu. Wahakiki wengi huchambua majalada hayo kwa kutaja ishara na kuzihusisha na matukio kitabuni moja kwa moja bila kuzingatia nadharia yoyote. Wengine huchambua jalada la mbele na kupuuza lile la nyuma lililo na blabu lenye mtindo wake wa kimuundo na kiisimu. Kutokana na udhaifu huu, utafiti  ulilenga kuonyesha matumizi ya blabu kama mtindo wa kuakisi maudhui katika  riwaya teule za Kiswahili; Utengano (Mohammed, 2009) na Chozi La Heri (Matei,2014). Nadharia ya Muundo Kipera ya Swales (1990) na pia maoni ya Valor (2005) yalitumika. Utafiti ulizingatia muundo kiuchanganuzi na kufanyika maktabani. Usampulishaji wa makusudi ulitumika na sampuli ni riwaya ya Utengano (Mohammed, 2009) na Chozi La Heri (Matei, 2018). Data zilikusanywa kupitia mbinu ya unukuzi kwa kutumia orodha ya uchunzaji. Data ilichanganuliwa  kimaudhui na kuwasilishwa kwa maelezo ya kinathari. Matokeo ya utafiti yalionyesha misogeo-hatua minne katika blabu za riwaya teule; utangulizi, kuhusu mwandishi, kampuni ya uchapishaji na maudhui kutoka kitabuni. Maudhui kutokana na misogeo-hatua ni utengano, mabadiliko, tamaa na ukabila. Elementi za kiisimu za mshikamano zilizobainishwa ni ubadilishaji, uunganishaji, urejeshi, udondoshaji na hiponimu. Utafiti  utasaidia katika uchambuzi wa blabu za kazi za fasihi ya Kiswahili kinadharia. Watafiti wa baadaye wanaweza kutafiti  vipengele vingine vya kiisimu katika blabu za  tamthilia.

English

Style is a unique way of composing literary works and differs from one author to another. A writer may choose a style to illustrate his work that is not only found inside the work but also through the cover page, where we have the front and back pages. Usually, the front cover page has symbols like colours and pictures, while the back cover has a blurb. Many literary critics have analysed the cover page by mentioning symbols, while others have related these symbols directly to themes in the different works without considering any specific theory. Others have focused on the front cover, ignoring the back cover that includes the blurb, which carries structural and linguistic elements. This research, therefore, aims at showing the use of blurbs as a style in relating to themes in selected Swahili texts: Utengano (Mohammed, 2009) and Chozi La Heri (Matei,2014). The research was guided by the Generic Structure Theory according to Swales (1990) and Valor (2005). This research employed the analytical design, and the research area was the library. Purposeful sampling was used, and our samples were the novels Utengano (Mohamed, 2009) and Chozi La Heri (Matei, 2014). Data collection was by citation technique. An observation schedule was used as a tool. Research data was analysed thematically and presented in prose form. The research findings showed that the two texts adopted steps in blurb development, like introduction, about the author, publishing company and themes from the book. Themes developed from the steps include separation, transformation, greed and tribalism. Elements of cohesion were also identified: substitution, conjunction, reference and hyponym. This research will help in the theoretical analysis of cover pages. Future researchers can research other linguistic features in blurbs of plays.

Keywords: : Blurb, cohesion, cover page, generic structure, move-a-step