Relationship of alcohol intoxication and accidental deaths: A descriptive autopsy study in Nairobi, Kenya

Peter Wangai Kiama — Sat, 30 Apr 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to determine the magnitude of fatalities resulting from accidents and their relation to alcohol intoxication to inform public health policy on the need for their prevention. Materials were all the bodies that fulfilled the criteria of violent fatal outcomes between June 1 2009, and May 31 2010. Bodies were categorized by gender and divided into 10 age groups of 10 years each. A complete forensic autopsy examination was done on each. This is a descriptive prospective study of homicidal deaths in Nairobi from June 1, 2009 –to May 31, 2010. It was carried out at the city Mortuary, Nairobi. In this study, all cases of violent deaths for twelve consecutive months were included. Alcohol level estimation was done on 400 of all the study subjects. The 400 were selected consecutively as every fifth subject. This was a purposeful sampling frame and size. Data was entered on a proforma datasheet. The date, the month, day of the week and time of death were noted. The cases were divided into male and female, and each gender divided into 8 age groups; 0-9, 10-19; 20-29; 30-39; 40-49; 50-59; 60-69 ;> 70 years. Data were analysed using SPSS. The study concluded that other accidents in Kenya are associated with alcohol intoxication, and a large percentage is contributed to by drowning. The study recommend that substance abuse should be interrogated more as a cause of self-destruction.

Stability studies of reconstituted oral amoxicillin suspension (125mg/5ml) under different temperature storage conditions

Rose Obat, N K Kipsang, Martha Maru — Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The research objective was to determine the physical stability and concentration of amoxicillin reconstituted oral suspension (125mg/5ml) stored under room temperature of 25°C and refrigeration temperature of 2-8°C days 1, 3, and 7. Three different brands of amoxicillin samples were used. Samples from the reconstituted amoxicillin suspension was assayed by HPLC to determine the concentration of the active and examined physically for taste, odour and colour change. The drug concentration for all three brands during the seven days ranged from 88.94 per cent - 102.17 per cent for refrigerated and 89.57-99.7 per cent for reconstituted amoxicillin at room temperature. The odour for days 1, 3 and 7 is fruity. The colour was pale yellow for days 1 and 3, while on day 7, it was creamy yellow. The taste was sweet on days 1 and 3, while on day 7, it was sweet/low bitter. The three brands maintained their potency and physical stability as required in the British pharmacopoeia. The reconstituted antibiotic suspensions must be stored at room temperature or in a refrigerator to maintain potency throughout their use. However, a good number of patients do not adhere to storage specifications resulting in the degradation of the product and subsequent loss of potency. The results for day one for all the drugs fall within the accepted range, drug K has its percent concentration the lowest, and microbiological studies should be done on this drug to ascertain microbial stability.

Editon Consortium Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Relationship of alcohol intoxication and accidental deaths: A descriptive autopsy study in Nairobi, Kenya

Stability studies of reconstituted oral amoxicillin suspension (125mg/5ml) under different temperature storage conditions